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h1.First particle-by-particle measurement of emittance in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment

Abstract¶

The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) collaboration seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of ionization cooling, the technique by which it is proposed to cool the muon beam at a future neutrino factory or muon collider. The emittance is measured from an ensemble of muons assembled from those that pass through the experiment. A pure muon ensemble is selected using a particle-identification system that can reject efficiently both pions and electrons. The position and momentum of each muon are measured using a high-precision scintillating-fibre tracker in a 4T solenoidal magnetic field. This paper presents the techniques used to reconstruct the phase-space distributions and reports the first particle-by-particle measurement of the emittance of the MICE Muon Beam as a function of muon-beam momentum.

Paper¶

MICE note: Note 498

Published in "tbc"
arXiv: https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.13224
DOI: "tbc"

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Figures¶

Figure 1. SchematicdiagramoftheMICEexperiment.Theredrectanglesrepresentthecoilsofthespectrom- eter solenoids and focus-coil module. The individual coils of the spectrometer solenoids are labelled E1, C, E2, M1 and M2. The various detectors (time-of-flight hodoscopes (TOF0, TOF1), Cherenkov counters, scintillating-fibre trackers, KLOE-Light (KL) calorimeter , and Electron Muon Ranger (EMR)) are also represented. The Partial Return Yoke (PRY) is not shown. (PDF, jpg)

Figure 2. (a)Topand(b)sideviewsoftheMICEMuonBeamline,itsinstrumentation,andtheexperimental configuration. A titanium target dipped into the ISIS proton synchrotron and the resultant spill of particles was captured with a quadrupole triplet (Q1–3) and transported through momentum-selecting dipoles (D1, D2). The quadrupole triplets (Q4–6, Q7–9) transported particles to the upstream spectrometer module. The time-of-flight of particles, measured between TOF0 and TOF1, was used for particle identification. (PDF, jpg)

Figure 3. Distribution of the quantities that were used to select the sample used to reconstruct the emittance of the beam: a) the number of space-points in TOF0 plotted against the number of space-points in TOF1 for reconstructed data, and b) reconstructed simulation; c) distribution of the relative time-of-flight, trel; d) distribution of χ2/ndof ; and e) distribution of Rdiff . The 1D distributions show reconstructed data as solid (black) circles and reconstructed MAUS simulation as the solid (yellow) histogram. The solid (black) lines indicate the position of the cuts made on these quantities. Events enter these plots if all cuts other than the cut under examination are passed.(PDF, jpg)

Figure 4. Time of flight between TOF0 and TOF1 (t_01) plotted as a function of muon momentum, p, measured in the upstream tracker. All cuts other than the muon hypothesis have been applied. Particles within the black lines are selected. The white dotted line is the trajectory of a muon that loses the most probable momentum (20 MeV/c) between TOF1 and the tracker in a) reconstructed data, and b) reconstructed Monte Carlo. (PDF, jpg)

Figure 5. Position and momentum distributions of muons reconstructed at the reference surface of the upstream tracker: a) x, b) y, c) px, d) py, e) pz, and f) p, the total momentum. The data are shown as the solid circles while the results of the MAUS simulation are shown as the yellow histogram. (PDF, jpg)

Figure 6. Transverse phase space occupied by selected muons transported through the MICE Muon Beamline to the reference plane of the upstream tracker. a) (x, px), b) (x, py). c) (y, px), d) (y, py). e) (x, y), and f) (px,py). (PDF, jpg)

Figure 7. The effect of dispersion, the dependence of the components of transverse phase space on the momentum, p, is shown at the reference surface of the upstream tracker: a) (x, p); b) (px, p); c) (y, p); d) (py, p). (PDF, jpg)

Figure 8. The systematic bias and uncertainty on the reconstructed emittance under different magnetic field model assumptions. The bias estimate (open triangles) includes the non-uniformity bias (open squares). The variation between the models (see text) is indicated by the shaded bands. (PDF, jpg)